I admit I am a chicken when it comes to discussing this topic with with family and friends so why not do it here. Having been raised in church, I pray to God and I like christian music. My issue is the whole idea of Jesus which is more like myth. I don't understand how God can die on the cross, how God can offer a human sacrifice "Jesus" so we may live for ever. I've always thought humans are the ones who offer sacrifice to God and not vice versa. And about the next life? can we admit we really do not know what happens after death more like we do not know where we were before birth? Is communion a form of canibalism? Your comments most welcome.

If I may recall my instructions in christian doctrine Jesus's death and ressurrection is the basis of christianity.

In matters of faith it not soo much about understanding or proving but believing, hence the use of the word belivers.

The issue of Jesus is not a myth. If you google the name 'Josephus' you might perhaps get a few things about Jesus as a historical figure. Josephus is an early church historian and he refers to Jesus in his writing.

The thing about sacrifice in the Bible may be understood from either the Old Testament sacrificial system, kana hihi uria ithui Agikuyu twaritagira Ngai magongona hindi ya calamities kana kwina wagi wa mbura. Referring to the Old Testament, the belief was that mehia no muhaka mangiahorohio na kurata igongona. And that indicated an exchange of life which according to mant cultures...life is in the blood. Kwa uguo in the OT andu marutagira Ngai mahaki ma njino nimo burnt offering. why? so that their sins would be blotted out or covered. That resonates with the lamb of sacrifice and other issues like the Day of Atonement.
In the New Testament, God looks back and sees that animal sacrifice has not been able to gu-sort out the human mess of sin. And what does he look for...a perfect sacrificial lamb! Jesus Christ then comes in the picture. He is talked about in the OT as a suffering servant i.e. Isaiah 53. and Jesus gives his own life so that the human sin could be sort out for once and for all. If you ever want to understand the inter-play between the OT and NT sacrificial dialogue, please read the book of Hebrews and you can understand the role of Jesus as the Perfect sacrificial lamb and a high priest who made sacrifice through His own blood. And then went to the holy of holies once and for thus meeting the requirements that God had put on our sin...that is life for life.

Riu-ri, uhoro wa witikio o uguo Muhuthia ekugweta-ri, Bible ti a scientific document but rather a statement of faith. Na Romans 10 ungithoma yugaga ati witikio ukaga na kuigua, na kuigua kiugo kia Ngai.

Ha maundu ma uturo ucio ungi-ri ni ndiandika nda-recover from the draining of my mental capability thutha wa kwandika uguo ndandika umuthi...thayu wa Ngai warimwari

The jews stole the story of jesus from the ancient egyptians.

Both the New and Old testaments are copied from the religious writings of the ancient egyptians.

The story of jesus is strikingly similar to the ancient story of the egyptian god Horus, his mother Isis and his father Osiris. The Jews mixed this story of Horus with their own history. The new testament was compiled and written in the egyptian city of Alexandria.


To read about the the egyptian origins of the new and old testaments google "ANCIENT EGYPT THE LIGHT OF THE WORLD" by gerald massey click on messeiana.org to read the whole book online for free...in print this book is as big as an encyclopedia.

Here is a qoute from the book-
"The Jesus-legend is Egyptian, but it was at first without the dogma of historic personality.

The messu, or the messianic prince of peace, was born into the world at Memphis in the cult of Ptah as the Egyptian Jesus, with the title of Iu-em-hetep, he who comes with peace or plenty and good fortune as the type of an eternal youth. Here we may note in passing that this divine child, Iu-em-hetep, as the image of immortal youth, the little hero of all later legend, the Kamite Herakles, had been one of the eight great gods of Egypt who were in existence twenty thousand years ago[1].
This wondrous child, who is the figure of ever-coming and of perennial renewal in the elements of life, was also known by name as Kheper, Horus, Aten, Tum or Nefer-Atum according to the cult. He was continued at On or Annu. The title likewise was repeated in the new religion, when Iu-em-hetep became the representative of Atum-Ra. His mother's name at On was Iusaas, she who was great (as) with Iusa or Iusu, the ever-coming child, the messiah of the inundation."

-also check out the greek historian herodotus book-2...

Life events shared by Horus and Jesus
Stories from the life of Horus had been circulating for centuries before Jesus birth (circa 4 to 7 BCE). If any copying occurred by the writers of the Egyptian or Christian religions, it was the followers of Jesus who incorporated into his biography the myths and legends of Horus, not vice-versa.

"Author and theologian Tom Harpur studied the works of three authors who have written about ancient Egyptian religion: Godfrey Higgins (1771-1834), Gerald Massey (1828-1907) and Alvin Boyd Kuhn (1880-1963). Harpur incorporated some of their findings into his book "Pagan Christ." He argued that all of the essential ideas of both Judaism and Christianity came primarily from Egyptian religion. "[Author Gerald] Massey discovered nearly two hundred instances of immediate correspondence between the mythical Egyptian material and the allegedly historical Christian writings about Jesus. Horus indeed was the archetypal Pagan Christ."


Comparison of some life events of Horus and Jesus:
Event Horus Yeshua of Nazareth, a.k.a. Jesus
Conception: By a virgin. There is some doubt about this matter By a virgin. 8
Father: Only begotten son of the God Osiris. Only begotten son of Yehovah (in the form of the Holy Spirit).
Mother: Meri. 9 Miriam (a.k.a. Mary).
Foster father: Seb, (Jo-Seph). 9 Joseph.
Foster father's ancestry: Of royal descent. Of royal descent.
Birth location: In a cave. In a cave or stable.
Annunciation: By an angel to Isis, his mother. By an angel to Miriam, his mother. 8
Birth heralded by: The star Sirius, the morning star. An unidentified "star in the East."
Birth date: Ancient Egyptians paraded a manger and child representing Horus through the streets at the time of the winter solstice (typically DEC-21). Celebrated on DEC-25. The date was chosen to occur on the same date as the birth of Mithra, Dionysus and the Sol Invictus (unconquerable Sun), etc.
Birth announcement: By angels. By angels. 8
Birth witnesses: Shepherds. Shepherds. 8
Later witnesses to birth: Three solar deities. Three wise men. 8
Death threat during infancy: Herut tried to have Horus murdered. Herod tried to have Jesus murdered.
Handling the threat: The God That tells Horus' mother "Come, thou goddess Isis, hide thyself with thy child." An angel tells Jesus' father to: "Arise and take the young child and his mother and flee into Egypt."
Rite of passage ritual: Horus came of age with a special ritual, when his eye was restored. Taken by parents to the temple for what is today called a bar mitzvah ritual.
Age at the ritual: 12 12
Break in life history: No data between ages of 12 & 30. No data between ages of 12 & 30.
Baptism location: In the river Eridanus. In the river Jordan.
Age at baptism: 30. 30.
Baptized by: Anup the Baptiser. John the Baptist.
Subsequent fate of the baptiser: Beheaded. Beheaded.
Temptation: Taken from the desert of Amenta up a high mountain by his arch-rival Sut. Sut (a.k.a. Set) was a precursor for the Hebrew Satan. Taken from the desert in Palestine up a high mountain by his arch-rival Satan.
Result of temptation: Horus resists temptation. Jesus resists temptation.
Close followers: Twelve disciples. There is some doubt about this matter as well. Twelve disciples.
Activities: Walked on water, cast out demons, healed the sick, restored sight to the blind. He "stilled the sea by his power." Walked on water, cast out demons, healed the sick, restored sight to the blind. He ordered the sea with a "Peace, be still" command.
Raising of the dead: Horus raised Osirus, his dead father, from the grave. 10 Jesus raised Lazarus from the grave.
Location where the resurrection miracle occurred: Anu, an Egyptian city where the rites of the death, burial and resurrection of Horus were enacted annually. 10 Hebrews added their prefix for house ('beth") to "Anu" to produce "Beth-Anu" or the "House of Anu." Since "u" and "y" were interchangeable in antiquity, "Bethanu" became "Bethany," the location mentioned in John 11.
Origin of Lazarus' name in the Gospel of John: Asar was an alternative name for Osirus, Horus' father, who Horus raised from the dead. He was referred to as "the Asar," as a sign of respect. Translated into Hebrew, this is "El-Asar." The Romans added the prefix "us" to indicate a male name, producing "Elasarus." Over time, the "E" was dropped and "s" became "z," producing "Lazarus." 10
Transfigured: On a mountain. On a high mountain.
Key address(es): Sermon on the Mount. Sermon on the Mount; Sermon on the Plain.
Method of death By crucifixion. By crucifixion.
Accompanied by: Two thieves. Two thieves.
Burial In a tomb. In a tomb.
Fate after death: Descended into Hell; resurrected after three days. Descended into Hell; resurrected after about 30 to 38 hours (Friday PM to presumably some time in Sunday AM) covering parts of three days.
Resurrection announced by: Women. Women.
Future: Reign for 1,000 years in the Millennium. Reign for 1,000 years in the Millennium.



Comparison of some characteristics of Horus and Jesus:
Characteristics Horus Yeshua of Nazareth, a.k.a. Jesus
Nature" Regarded as a mythical character. Regarded as a 1st century CE human man-god.
Main role: Savior of humanity. Savior of humanity.
Status: God-man. God-man.
Common portrayal: Virgin Isis holding the infant Horus. Virgin Mary holding the infant Jesus.
Title: KRST, the anointed one. Christ, the anointed one.
Other names: The good shepherd, the lamb of God, the bread of life, the son of man, the Word, the fisher, the winnower. The good shepherd, the lamb of God, the bread of life, the son of man, the Word, the fisher, the winnower.
Zodiac sign: Associated with Pisces, the fish. Associated with Pisces, the fish.
Main symbols: Fish, beetle, the vine, shepherd's crook. Fish, beetle, the vine, the shepherd's crook.



Comparison of some teachings of Horus and Jesus:
Characteristics Horus Yeshua of Nazareth, a.k.a. Jesus
Criteria for salvation at the place of judgment: "I have given bread to the hungry man and water to the thirsty man and clothing to the naked person and a boat to the shipwrecked mariner." 11 "For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in: Naked, and ye clothed me..." Matthew 25:35-36 (KJV).
"I am" statements "I am Horus in glory...I am the Lord of Light...I am the victorious one...I am the heir of endless time...I, even I, am he that knoweth the paths of heaven." 12
"I am Horus, the Prince of Eternity."
"I am Horus who stepeth onward through eternity...Eternity and everlastingness is my name."
"I am the possessor of bread in Anu. I have bread in heaven with Ra."


"I am the light of the world....I am the way, the truth and the life."
"Before Abraham was, I am"
"Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, and today and forever."
"I am the living bread that came down from heaven."

(From the Gospel of John)

Xoxo.
Yours is very enlightening. If only people would listen. Then this would be a better world. People would be proud of who they are without having a deity to look up to and even to worship. Hindi iyo niguo tungimenya ati Ngai witu e ngoro-ini ti matu ini.

WARNING! YOU ARE ABOUT TO BE INITIATED INTO THE ANCIENT EGYPTIAN MYSTERIES:

THIS INFORMATION WILL CONTRADICT YOUR MOST CHERISHED BELIEFS.

THE RELIGIOUS INFORMATION MENTIONED HERE IS NOT TO BE SHARED WITH VERY OLD PEOPLE [GUKA AND CUCU] OR THE VERY YOUNG.


1 Fact # 1
Civilization was created by the Blacks. It was the blacks of the Nile valley [Nubians, Ethiopians, and Egyptians], who created writing, the calendar, formal religions and arts and sciences like, physics, chemistry, mathematics , astronomy, astrology, building in stone, etc.

FACT 2
The black Egyptians civilized the Greeks, the Greeks civilized the Romans and the Romans civilized the rest of Europe.

FACT3
After they were civilized the Europeans namely the Greeks and Romans attacked the 20,000 year old ancient Egyptian nation and wiped out the black Egyptians in a mere 600yrs.

FACT 4
the ancient Egyptians once ruled the entire Mediterranean region, including all of the middle east; Israel, Syria, Persia, all the Arab lands, Greece, turkey, all the way up to Georgia in eastern Europe. Wherever they went they bequeathed their subjects with a written language, and an advanced civilization.

Fact 5
The western zodiac, the Indian zodiac, and the Chinese zodiac were created by the Egyptians. They all contain the number twelve which was one of the sacred Egyptian numbers. They all reincarnate, or repeat every twelve months or every twelve years. Reincarnation is a very old Egyptian principle.

All the conquered peoples took up Egyptian gods…including, the Greeks, Romans and Jews.

FACT 6
history was fabricated by racist whites in the 1800s, and the history of the ancient world when blacks ruled the world was deliberately left out.

FACT 7
The Hebrews plagiarized the bible from Egyptian texts and culture.

Without ancient Egypt there would be no bible.

3. the Jewish genius….after plagiarizing Egyptian texts and culture, the Hebrews created a masterpiece by SIMPLYFYING the chaos that was Egpytian religion: Egypt had more than ‘1001’ gods and each god had its own priests, rituals, and followers. Egyptian religion was intertwined with astrology. Gerald Massey in his classic work – the book of the beginnings, proved that Egyptian religion and Egyptian astrology were woven together so seamlessly…that an understanding of both was required in order to understand the ancient Egyptian roots of religions like Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism and even many aspects of Islam. .
The Jewish genius was that they simplified the complex and bewildering Egyptian religion into a simple story that the common people could understand and relate to.


SOURCES: HERE ARE QUOTES FROM THE ‘FATHER’ OF WESTERN HISTORY, HERODOTUS.

1. HERODOTUS; The Greek historian: from, The Histories book-2

On the Calendar:

-the priests agreed with one another in saying that the Egyptians were the first of all men on earth to find out the course of the year, having divided the course of the seasons into twelve parts to make up the whole; and this they said they found out from the stars.”

“they reckon more wisely than Greeks in as much as the Greeks throw in an intercalated month every other year, to make the seasons right, whereas the Egyptians reckoning the twelve months at thirty days each, bring in also every year five days beyond the number, and thus the circle of their seasons is completed and comes round to the same point whence it set out.”

On religion:

- “they said moreover that the Egyptians were the first who brought into use appellations of the twelve gods and the Hellenes [Greeks], took up the use from them; and that they were the first who assigned alters and images and temples to the gods and who engraved figures on stones”

“Moreover the naming of almost all the gods has come to the Hellas [Greece], from Egypt.”

ON HISTORY;
-The Egyptians practice memory [history] more than any other men and are the most learned in historical questions by far of all those whom I have tested….they observe and write down the event…and if ever afterwards anything resembling this happens, they believe that the outcome will be similar.

ON ASTROLOGY
-The Egyptians have found out also to what god each month and each day belongs, and what fortunes a man will meet with who is born on any particular day, and how he will die, and what kind of man he will be. The Greeks who occupy themselves with poesy [astrology] took up these inventions.

ON MEDICINE;
-The art of medicine among them is distributed thus; each physician is a physician of one disease and of no more; and the whole country is full of physicians, for some profess themselves to be physicians of the eyes, others of the head, others of the teeth, others of the affections of the stomach, and others of the more obscure ailments.

ON CONQUESTS BY PHAROAH SESTORIS

-According to a report by the priests, he [Sestoris], took up a great army and marched over the continent subduing every nation which stood in his way…he traversed the continent, until at last he passed over to Europe from Asia and subdued the Scythians and also the Thracians.

ON THE SOUL AND REINCARNATION
-The Egyptians were the first who reported that the soul of man is immortal. And that when the body dies the soul enters into another creature…this doctrine certain Hellenes [Greeks] adopted, some earlier and some later, as if it were their own invention.

No god appeared in human form for over 11,300 years;
-thus in the period of eleven thousand three hundred and forty years they said that there had been born no god in human form; nor even before that time or after wards among the remaining kings who arose in Egypt, did they report that anything of the kind had come to pass…

THE PYRAMIDS AND THE LABYRINTH
-The pyramids were greater than words can say, and each one of them is equal to many of the works of the Hellenes [Greeks], but the labyrinth surpasses even the pyramids. It has twelve covered courts, with gates facing one another, six upon the north side and six upon the south…[and three thousand chambers above and below ground]…the chambers… were admirably adorned, afforded endless matter for marvel, as we went through from the chambers to the colonnades, and from the colonnades to other rooms and then from the chambers again to other rooms. Over the whole of these is a roof made of stone like the walls; and the walls are covered with figures curved upon them, each court been surrounded with pillars of white stone fitted together most perfectly; and at the end of the labyrinth at the corner of it there is a pyramid of 240 feet, upon which large figures are curved, and into this there is an underground way.

HERE IS AN ARTICLE WRITTEN BY A JEWISH WRITER QUESTIONING THE VALIDITY OF THE BIBLE.

Time to Rewrite the Script: A Passover Haggadah for Secular Jews

Did Moses really exist and did the Exodus ever take place?

by David Voron

Do you change your mind in response to new evidence? "Of course," you say. But what if the new evidence contradicts your most deeply-held convictions? And what if these convictions are embedded in a set of beliefs shared with like-minded others in a social network that provides a sense of family and community? In other words, if the evidence threatens the warm fuzzy glow of group identity, does the evidence have a chance? Let's find out.If you're Jewish (as I am), would you stop celebrating Passover

if you were presented with evidence that there was no Exodus? Maybe you would hedge, and instead of giving it up entirely you would reinvent the traditional Haggadah and convert it into an instrument of education. Maybe you would convey a sense of Jewish peoplehood to your children by sparking their interest in the historical and archaeological evidence that addresses how this story came to be. Perhaps you would discuss the whole idea of triumphal tales of group origins with your children.
It is in this spirit of openness and evidentialism that I present the following Passover Haggadah for Secular Jews. Participants sitting around the table can take turns reading aloud one paragraph at a time. Readers are invited, of course, to edit to their taste, and blend the ritual (or not-so-ritual) meal with the readings in whatever way the participants find mutually agreeable. Total reading time is approximately fifteen minutes.

Passover Haggadah for Secular Jews
Tonight millions of Jews all over the world are sitting down to celebrate the first night of Pesach.
Passover is by far the most popular of Jewish holidays, observed by even more Jews than the High Holy Days of Yom Kippur and Rosh Hashanah. Why is this? "Tradition!" resoundingly replies Tevye of Fiddler on the Roof. We were taught the sacredness of Pesach by our parents, who were so taught by their parents, ad infinitum. But if the story isn't true to begin with, handing it down from generation to generation doesn't make it any truer. We believe the story because it was told to us by people we considered important and authoritative, mainly our parents and religious teachers. In addition, we were surrounded by people who believed the same story. Is the Passover story true? As Wordsworth said, "to be mistaught is worse than to be untaught.

"Let's start with the prequel to the Exodus, the story of Joseph and his family. Excavations in the eastern delta of the Nile have revealed a gradual increase in Canaanite pottery, architecture, and tombs, beginning about 1800 B.C. As explained by Donald Redford, professor of Near Eastern studies at the University of Toronto, in his book Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times, these findings are broadly consistent with the tale of Joseph, the visits of his family to Egypt, and their eventual settlement there.[1] Archaeologists have identified the site of Avaris, the Egyptian city of that period that was the capital of a people known as the Hyskos, a name which translates from the Egyptian as "rulers of foreign land."

Inscriptions and seals bearing the names of Hyskos kings indicate that they were Canaanites. Although the Egyptian historian Manetho, writing in about 300 B.C. from an Egyptian perspective, asserts that Egypt was brutally invaded by the Hyskos, archaeologists believe the takeover was peaceful. However, the forceful expulsion of the Hyskos as described by Manetho is supported by other archaeological and historical sources. The most reliable evidence, according to Redford, suggests that Pharaoh Ahmose and his forces attacked and defeated the Hyskos in Avaris, and chased them out of Egypt into southern Canaan in 1570 B.C.[2]

The Roman-Jewish historian, Flavius Josephus, citing Manetho, equates the expulsion of the Hyskos from Egypt with the Exodus. As Abba Eban points out, "this is plainly impossible,"[3] in the context of the Biblical chronology. The Book of Exodus states that Hebrew slaves built the city of Pi Ramses ("House of Ramses"). According to Egyptian sources, the city was built during the reign of Ramses II, who ruled 1279-1213 B.C. In other words, the Biblical Exodus would have had to have taken place 300 years after the expulsion of the Hyskos. Of course there is also no evidence that the Hyskos were ever enslaved--or even Hebrews. Again quoting Abba Eban, "few modern scholars would go so far as to assert that the Hebrews and the Hyskos were the same people."[4] If the Hyskos were not the Hebrews, what then, is the earliest non-Biblical reference to this people?

About a century ago, archaeologists found 350 tablets covered with cuneiform writing in the Akkadian language in the Egyptian village of El Amarna. Thesetablets, dating to the 14th century B.C., contain numerous references to a people whose name is Habiru (or alternatively Hapiru or Apiru) in the Akkadianlanguage. The obvious phonetic similarity to "Hebrew" suggested to early scholars that the Habiru of the Amarna tablets and the Hebrews were the same people.

However, subsequent archaeological findings as described by Niels Lemche, professor of Old Testament studies at the University of Copenhagen, in his book Prelude to Israel's Past, indicated widespread use of this term throughout the near east over many centuries during the mid-second millennium B.C. The context of this usage makes clear that 'Habiru' "should not be understood as an ethnic group, but as some kind of social segment." There is no reference to the religious beliefs of the Habiru. The totality of ancient documents discovered, reviewed in detail by Lemche, suggests 'Habiru' is best translated, depending on the context, as 'bandit,' 'outlaw,' 'highwayman,' 'refugee,' 'fugitive,' or 'immigrant,' without any suggestion of ethnicity.[5] Thus, despite the phonetic similarity, the Habiru of the Amarna tablets are not the Hebrews of ancient Israel.

The earliest known non-Biblical reference to Israel is on the 27th line of inscription on a 7.5 foot high granite slab found in Thebes, Egypt, and dating to 1207 B.C.[6] This commemorative stone monument was commissioned by the son of Ramses II, Pharaoh Merneptah, to commemorate his military victories in Canaan, and is known as the Merneptah Stella. Israel is listed as one of eight "border enemies" vanquished by Egypt. The literal translation of the relevant line of Egyptian hieroglyphics is "Israel is stripped bare, wholly lacking seed.

"Although this claim is obviously an exaggeration, it is evidence that a group of people named Israel was living in Canaan during the reigns of Merneptah andpresumably his father, Ramses II. What is most important, though, is the point emphasized by Israel Finkelstein, director of the Institute of Archaeologyat Tel Aviv University, and his colleague Neal Silberman, in their book The Bible Unearthed: "We have no clue, not even a single word, about early Israelites in Egypt: Neither in monumental inscriptions on walls of temples, nor in tomb inscriptions, nor in papyri."[7] Similarly, William Dever, professor of Near Eastern archaeology and anthropology at the University of Arizona, states in Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From?: "no Egyptian text ever found contains a single reference to 'Hebrews' or 'Israelites' in Egypt, much less to an 'Exodus.'"[8] The ancient Egyptians were such compulsive chroniclers, albeit biased, that it is inconceivable that they would not record any version of an event as momentous as the Biblical Exodus. We should at least expect some self-serving or biased accounts of this extraordinary event, but there is absolutely no reference to any exodus of Hebrew slaves in the voluminous Egyptian writings.

In addition, archaeological excavations do not support the Biblical Exodus story. Modern archaeological techniques are able to detect evidence of not onlypermanent settlements, but also of habitations of hunter-gatherers and pastoral nomads all over the world as far back as the third millennium B.C. However,there are no finds of a unique religious community living in a distinct area of the eastern delta of the Nile River ("Land of Goshen") as described in Genesis. In addition, repeated excavations of areas corresponding to Kadesh-Barnea, where the Biblical Israelites lived for thirty-eight of their forty-eight years of wanderings, have revealed no evidence of any encampments. Finkelstein and Silberman point out that, although the sites mentioned in the Exodus storyare real, archaeological excavations indicate that they were unoccupied when the Biblical Exodus would have taken place. For example, the Bible refers tomessengers sent by Moses from Kadesh-Barnea to the king of Edom asking him to allow the Hebrews to pass through his land. However, the nation of Edom did notcome into existence until the 7th century B.C.[9] Melvin Konner, anthropologist and teacher of Jewish studies at Emory University, sums it up this way in his recent book Unsettled, An Anthropology of the Jews: "Except for the Torah text, there is no decisive proof that the Hebrews were slaves in Egypt, that they rebelled and walked away from the place, or that a leader such as Moses arose and took that people into the desert."[10] Futhermore, what evidence we do have, as discussed above, contradicts the Biblical account. How, then, did this fable come to be written?

Finkelstein and Silberman present the plausible thesis that the Deuteronomistic version of the Exodus, which brings together and embellishesthe chroniclesin the first four books of the Torah, was written during the 7th century B.C. The intent of the story was to rally the inhabitants of Judah against Egypt, which had become its most powerful enemy as Assyrian hegemony waned.Finkelstein and Silberman believe that the evil pharaoh in the Exodus story was actually modeled after the domineering Psamethicus I, who reigned from 664 to 610B.C., approximately during the time that the Deuteronomistic version was written. This account was "powerful propaganda" that created "an epic saga to express the power and passion of a resurgent Judah's dreams" in order "to gird the nation for the great national struggle that lay ahead." In fact, the Egypt described in the Deuteronomistic account is "uncannily similar in its geographical details to that of Psamethicus."[11]

According to Redford, the memories of the Canaanite Hyskos ruling Egypt and subsequently being driven out (though not enslaved and not Hebrew) most likely formed the basis for the Exodus story.[12] The sequence of plagues in the Exodus may be related to the ancient Egyptian belief that the inability to worship multiple gods causes illness. The Amarna tablets indicate that Akhnaten imposed monotheism on polytheistic Egypt during his reign between 1372 and 1354 B.C., allegedly causing the populace to suffer a variety of maladies, which abated with the restoration of polytheism by Akhnaten's successor.[13, 14] Jonathan Kirsh notes that the basket-in-the-bullrushes infant-Moses story is clearly a "cut-and-paste" plagiarism copied almost verbatim from a Mesopotamian text.[15] In the words of Daniel Lazare, the stories of infant Moses, the plagues, and final exodus are "unconnected folktales," linked together "like pearls on a string."[16] What we have, according to David Denby, is a "self-confirming, self-glorifying myth of origins," with Moses as "the hero of the greatest campfire story ever told."[17]

Let this eccentric Passover Haggadah be your exodus from ignorance. Emancipate yourself from the enslavement of illusory beliefs. Our parents and grandparents didn't know the Passover fable they passed on to us was totally contrived. We do. We can still celebrate our peoplehood, but we need to change the script. To quote a line from historian Isaac Deutscher's essay, The Non-Jewish Jew, "the Jewish heretic who transcends Jewry, belongs to a Jewish tradition."

References

[1] Redford, D.B. 1992. Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 412.[2] Ibid, 129.[3] Eban, A. 1984. Heritage: Civilization and the Jews. New York: Summit Books, 20.[4] Ibid, 20.[5] Lemche, N.P. 1998. Prelude to Israel's Past. Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers, Inc., 139-141.[6] Shanks, H. 2001. "A Centrist the Center of Controversy," Biblical Archaeology Review, December, 41.[7] Finkelstein, I. and Silberman, N.A. 2001. The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of its Sacred Texts. New York: Simon and Schuster, 60.[8] Dever, W.G. 2003. Who Were the Early Israelites and Where Did They Come From? Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 12-13.[9] Finkelstein and Silberman, 2001, 68.[10] Konner, M. 2003. Unsettled: An Anthropology of the Jews. New York: Viking Penguin, 3.[11] Finkelstein and Silberman, 2001, 283.[12] Redford, 1992, 412-413.[13] Kirsch, J. 1998. Moses, A Life. New York: Ballantine, 179.[14] Denby, D. 1998. "No Exodus." The New Yorker, December 7 & 14, 185.[15] Kirsch, 1998, 47.[16] Lazare, D. 2002. "False Testament: Archaeology Refutes the Bible's Claim to History," Harper's, March, 41.[17] Denby, 1998, 186.[18] Quoted by Konner, 2003, 197. ---

Sources # 2.…

The Jews borrowed their religion and culture from an Egyptian culture that was over 3000 years older than their own culture.

1. Godfrey Higgins - “We have found the black complexion or something relating to it whenever we have approached the origin of nations. The Alma Mater, The goddess Multimammia, the founders of the oracles, the Memnon or first idols were always black. Venus, Jupiter, Apollo, Bacchus, Hercules, Asteroth, Adonis, Horus, Apis, Osiris, Ammon -in short, all the wood and stone deities were black. They remained as they were fast made in very remote times.” [Anacalypsis, Vol. 1, p.286].

2. According to Sir E. A. W. Budge and others most of the earliest Egyptian gods as Ptah, “father of the Gods” and Bes god of war, mischief and comedy, originated in the Sudan, the land of the Negroes. -FROM FETISH TO GOD IN ANCIENT EGYPT” pp. 254-55, London, 1934.

3. The Greek gods were adaptations of the Egyptians ones, hence the earliest ones of Greece were also black. “Ethiop is a title of Zeus,” says Higgins. Zeus was the father of the Gods among the greeks.-The Celtic Druids, p. 162 [1829].

4. There is every indication that the earliest Gods of both the old and new world were negroes.

5. Gerald Massey - The black jesus is a well known form of the child christ worshipped in Europe where the black bambino [baby], was the pet image of the Italian church, as popular as chrishna, the black christ of India, and unless the devine son was incarnated in black flesh from the…black Sut Nahsi, the Negro image of the earliest god….and finally the black jesus of the christian cult, The son of the Virgin Mother in the rommish church.” A book of the beginnings, Vol. 2 pt. 1 pp. 300, 340. London, 1881.

6. Prof. J. H. Breasted, egyptologist- “The ripe social and moral development of mankind in the nile valley which is 3000 years older than that of the Hebrews, contributed essentially to the formation of Hebrew literature. Our moral heritage therefore derives from a wider human past enormously older than the Hebrews than FROM them” - “THE DAWN OF CONSCIENCE” pp. xv, 1933.

7. -The bible really originated in ancient Egypt, where the population according to Herodotus and Aristotle, was black. Here the Jews received almost all the early culture.


8. Nearly all of the ancient gods of the old and new world were black and had wooly hair,. Buckley says “From the woolly texture of the hair I am inclined to assign to the Buddha of India; the Fuhi of China; the Xaha of the Japanese, and the Quetzalcoatl of the Mexicans, the same or indeed an African or rather, a Nubian origin”

9. The earliest statues of the virgin mary and christ in Europe as far north as Russia, were black and negroid.

The list goes on and on. Could it be we Africans will find our way through this life once we embrass our religion and ways of life? Once we quit copying and following others?
Thank you for reminding us of who we are.

Wariharia - The info above is just an introduction...we now look at some parts of the bible that have been copied from the writings of Ancient Egyptians and other Mediterranean cultures.

COMPARISON # 1

The most famous of this, is a comparison of the similarities between PSALM 104 and Pharoah Akenaten’s HYMN TO THE ATEN [SUN].

1.
HYMN OF THE ATEN: Your dawning is beautiful in the horizon of the sky, O living Aten, Beginning of life! When You rise in the Eastern horizon, You fill every land with Your beauty. You are beautiful, great, glittering, high above every land, Your rays, they encompass the lands, even all that You have made.

PSALM 104; 1Bless the LORD, O my soul. O LORD my God, thou art very great; thou art clothed with honour and majesty. 2Who coverest thyself with light as with a garment: who stretchest out the heavens like a curtain: 3Who layeth the beams of his chambers in the waters: who maketh the clouds his chariot: who walketh upon the wings of the wind:

2.
HYMN; You are Re, and You carry them all away captive; You bind them by Your love. Though You are far away, Your rays are upon the earth;Though You are on high, Your footprints are the day.

PSALM; making the clouds your chariot, gliding on the wings of the wind, 4 appointing the winds your messengers, flames of fire your servants.

3.
HYMN; When You set in the western horizon of the sky, The earth is in darkness like the dead;
PSALM 104; 20 You bring on darkness, and night falls, when all the forest beasts roam around;

4.
HYMN; Every lion comes forth from his den,
PSALM 104; 21young lions roar for their prey,asking God for their food.

5. HYMN; All serpents, they Sting. Darkness ... The world is in silence, He that made them resteth in his horizon. Bright is the eareh when You risest in the horizon. When You shinest as Aten by day You drivest away the darkness.
PSALM; The sun rises and away they steal, back to their lairs to lie down,

6.
HYMN; (Then) in all the world they do their work.
PSALM 104; 23and man goes out to work,to labour till evening falls.

7.
HYMN; All cattle rest upon their pasturage, The trees and the plants flourish,
PSALM; 14He causeth the grass to grow for the cattle, and herb for the service of man: that he may bring forth food out of the earth;

8.
HYMN; The birds flutter in their marshes, Their wings uplifted in adoration to You.
PSALM; 12 The birds of the air nest by the waters; they sing among the branches.

9. HYMN; All the sheep dance upon their feet, All winged things fly, They live when You have shone upon them. The barques sail up-stream and down-stream alike.
PSALM; 8They go up by the mountains; they go down by the valleys unto the place which thou hast founded for them.

10.
HYMN; Every highway is open because You dawn.The fish in the river leap up before You. You rays are in the midst of the great green sea. Creator of the germ in woman, Maker of seed in man, Giving life to the son in the body of his mother, Soothing him that he may not weep, Nurse (even) in the womb,
PSALM; 29Turn away your face and they panic;

11.
HYMN; Giver of breath to animate every one that He makes!
PSALM take back their breath and they die and revert to dust.

12. HYMN; When he comes forth from the body ... on the day of his birth, You open his mouth in speech, You supply his necessities.

PSALM; 27 They all depend upon you, to feed them when they need it. 28 You provide the food they gather, your open hand gives them their fill. they gather it up; when You open Your hand, they are satisfied with good things.

13.
HYMN; When the fledgling in the egg chirps in the shell, You give him breath therein to preserve him alive.When You have brought him together To (the point of) bursting it in the egg, He comes forth from the egg To chirp with all his might. He goes about upon his two feet When he has come forth from there.

14.
HYMN TO THE ATEN; How manifold are Your works! They are hidden from before (us),

PSALM 104; 24 O LORD, how manifold are thy works! in wisdom hast thou made them all: the earth is full of thy riches.

AMEN?

WHAT IS THE MEANING OF THE WORD…“AMEN?”

Whenever you say ‘Amen’ you are invoking the name of an ancient Egyptian god…AMEN-RA.

“Amen in Egyptian mythology, [was the name of a god]: the mighty one [god] of life and procreation…later identified with the Sun-god as the supreme deity, and called en Amen-Ra. When the Hebrews were slaves in Egypt, this god was one of the supreme gods of Egypt …between 1550 - 1070 BCE.”

According to the Concise Columbia encyclopedia:

Amon, Egyptian deity
Amon (ā`mən, ä`–), Ammon (ă`mən), or Amen (ä`mĕn), Egyptian deity. He was originally the chief god of Thebes; he and his wife Mut and their son Khensu were the divine Theban triad of deities.- [Here we find yet another example that he concept of the trinity originated in Egypt].

Amon grew increasingly important in Egypt, and eventually he (identified as Amon Ra; see Ra Ra (rä) or Re became the supreme deity. He was identified with the Greek Zeus (the Roman Jupiter).

Amon's most celebrated shrine was at Siwa in the Libyan desert; the oracle of Siwa later rivaled those of Delphi and Dodona. He is frequently represented as a ram or as a human with a ram's head.
Source - The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia

Amon or Amen:
Egyptian deity revered as king of the gods.

Amon may have originated as a local deity at Khmun in Middle Egypt. His cult spread to Thebes, where he became patron of the pharaohs by Mentuhotep I's reign (2008–1957 BC) and was identified with the sun god Re.

Represented as a human, a ram, or both, Amon-Re was worshiped with the goddess Mut and the youthful god Khons.

Akhenaton directed his reforms against the cult of Amon, but with little success, and Amon's status was restored in the 14th–13th century BC. In the New Kingdom, Amon came to be seen as one of a triad with Ptah and Re, and in the 11th–10th century BC as a universal god who intervened in affairs of state by speaking through oracles.
Source - Britannica Concise Encyclopedia

xoxo:

It is quite clear you have done your research on this subject. I have been interested in it for years and, even as I have tried to avoid falling into the conspiracy camp, I have come to the same conclusion as you that a deliberate and systematic project must have been mounted some time in the past to completely suppress the evidence of Africa as the origin of human civilization.

I remember spending an afternoon in the Cairo museum. It is a fascinating place. But one thing that struck me is that almost all the statues have their faces defaced. For a while I could not understand it and then it struck me. The one thing you can not hide as evidence of a negroid face is the nose and lips. In this regard a black head can hardly be confused for Caucasian or any other. Defacing these statues - starting with the Sphinx - was the only way the evidence could be destroyed.

When I later read the story that scientists had used DNA to prove queen Nefertiti was black, and the hullabaloo this raised in the West, I was no longer surprised. The great Cheikh Anta Diop was right.

We black people have an important job to reclaim our true heritage.

Segu...I am pleased to meet a fellow afrocentrist...i am glad to hear that you have been to Kemet- [egypt]. I plan to make a pilgrimage there soon.

I agree with you when you say that "The great Cheikh Anta Diop was right." Diop was one of the greatest modern afrocentric writers- his books should be in every black school in the world.

People familiar with the competing fields of eurocentrism and afrocentricism know that the bible originated in ancient egypt and ethiopia [kush].

as regards the defacement of ancient egyptian statues i would recommend that you check out the following website: raceandhistory.com - THE VANISHING EVIDENCE OF CLASSICAL AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS

Here are a few quotes from the site:

"THE VANISHING EVIDENCE OF
CLASSICAL AFRICAN CIVILIZATIONS

Part I: The Temple Evidence

Prof. Manu Ampim

DESTRUCTION OF THE PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

The wall surface of the great Karnak Temple of Egypt is literally being taken apart stone by stone, as “conservation” workers are removing dozens of pounds of rock and wall material every day and discarding them as debris. The rate of defacement and destruction of Karnak and other temples is stunning.
I have documented in just over half a year the progressive lost and calculated damage to the temple carvings. In just 15 minutes local Egyptian government workers (most of whom are Arab), in alliance with Western conspirators from Europe and North America, are able to deface sacred African temple carvings from one of the world’s most profound collections of art which have remained in reasonably good condition for nearly 4,000 years.
With a few crude strokes, these so-called “restorers” and “conservationists” are altering the facial features of relief images, defacing many temple scenes, and demolishing other scenes until they are almost unrecognizable. A careful examination of the pattern of wall damage at Karnak substantiate these points.
It seems evident that this crude, clumsy, and incompetent “conservation” work is aimed at nothing less than the destruction of all the physical evidence which demonstrates that both ancient Egypt and Nubia are classical African civilizations.


FACIAL & RACIAL RECONSTRUCTION

Museum artifacts are often manipulated and altered by a number of groups having access to these materials before they are viewed by the public.
The broad group of conspirators involved with this cunning behind-the-scenes work includes: archeologists, Egyptologists, and government workers, who dig up, record, and decide the fate of the artifacts; restoration and conservation workers, who restore and piece the broken artifacts back together; and museum workers and officials who are the last group to handle the artifacts before they go on public display. The archaeologists/excavators and Egyptologists who dig up the artifacts have exclusive access to them until they are transported and turned over to a museum or other institution.

Museum artifacts are therefore handled, repaired, worked on, and “restored” behind the scenes before they are put on public display. Thus, the time from the initial excavation of an artifact until it is displayed for public viewing can be several years. In this time period, incredible changes are usually made to the statues, paintings, and reliefs. In fact, a careful examination of the ancient Egyptian artifacts bearing racial images in any museum or collection will demonstrate that the vast majority of items have been re-worked to change or obscure the racial identity. These museum images have been tampered with and often thoroughly de-Africanized, as they have been transformed from African to a European or some type of mixed group.

Museums around the world are filled with artifacts that have been thoroughly altered and de-Africanized by the conspirators. The following is a short list of these museums:

¨ The Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum in San Jose, California claims to have “the largest collection of Egyptian artifacts on exhibit in the western United States,” but much of its collection is actually made up of replicas and reconstructions, with images predictably resembling modern Europeans features.

¨ The Metropolitan Museum in New York, among other problems, has an entire room dedicated to Queen Hapshepsut, and every image of her has undergone obvious nose reconstruction.

¨ The National Museum of Antiquities in Holland has a number of statues that have undergone careful facial reconstruction.

¨ The Cairo Museum in Egypt contains forgeries and dozens of statues with nose alterations, and lightened colors which now resemble the pale skin tone of Europeans.

¨ The Boston Museum of Fine Arts amazingly has “replacement heads” in the middle of the museum floor, while the more important statues of Black rulers and officials are off to the side of the room, or in the basement, safely away from the view of tourists.

¨ The Louvre Museum in France has some of the most stunning and powerful African images of important figures anywhere in the world, yet the museum has bold signs placed in strategic locations throughout the Egyptian gallery, directing tourists to one particular statue: the “unnamed seated scribe,” who has undergone a thorough racial makeover and now appears European.

¨ The British Museum in England has re-worked the faces of statues so well that it in a few cases it is extremely difficult to detect their work.

¨ The Art History Museum in Austria is organized totally backward, as the foreign period of the Greeks, Romans and other invaders is placed in the front portion of the Egyptian gallery, so that this is the first impression that tourists get. Meanwhile, the real builders of Kemetian civilization are placed strategically in the back of the gallery.

¨ The Manchester Museum in Britain uses skull remains to do facial reconstructions, which almost always resembles Europeans, or else they have no particular ethnic identity.

These and many other museums around the world are collectively eliminating the Black identity of the ancient Egyptian and Nubian civilizations through carefully thought out and misleading displays and gallery arrangements. The obvious goal of these institutions is to destroy the memory of an Black ancient Egypt and Nubia. Unfortunately, they have been quite successful in this long range project, as each month millions of tourists visit these museums and get a totally false impression of the identity of the ancient Egyptians and Nubians."

THE FABRICATION OF THE TEN COMMANDMENTS

The ten commandments were written in the 7th century bc [around 622bc] during the reign of king josiah...many centuries after Moses, David, Solomon, etc.

Conventional historians claim that the ten commandments were "DISCOVERED" BY THE HIGH PRIEST WHEN WORKMEN WERE REPAIRING THE TEMPLE OF SOLOMON" in the 7th century bc.

the discovered scroll contained moses farewell speech,in it yahweh speaking through moses gave moses laws among which were the ten commandments.


According to the bible: 2 Kings 22 (New International Version)

8 Hilkiah the high priest said to Shaphan the secretary, "I have found the Book of the Law in the temple of the LORD." He gave it to Shaphan, who read it. 9 Then Shaphan the secretary went to the king and reported to him: "Your officials have paid out the money that was in the temple of the LORD and have entrusted it to the workers and supervisors at the temple." 10 Then Shaphan the secretary informed the king, "Hilkiah the priest has given me a book." And Shaphan read from it in the presence of the king.

11 When the king heard the words of the Book of the Law, he tore his robes. 12 He gave these orders to Hilkiah the priest, Ahikam son of Shaphan, Acbor son of Micaiah, Shaphan the secretary and Asaiah the king's attendant: 13 "Go and inquire of the LORD for me and for the people and for all Judah about what is written in this book that has been found. Great is the LORD's anger that burns against us because our fathers have not obeyed the words of this book; they have not acted in accordance with all that is written there concerning us."

Historians claim that the scroll was written relatively soon before its discovery in 622bc.

the key date when it comes to the fabrication of the old testament is the 7TH CENTURY BC.

according to several bible historians israel before the 7th bc [king josiah]:

1. had no bible.
2. no synagoues.
3. no observation of the sabbath.
4. no circumcision.
5. no monotheism.
6. no ten commandments.
7. no covenant.

Then in 701 BC Assyria attacked and laid siege of Jerusalem.
the assyrians had aleady attacked and wiped out or dispersed the northern kingdom of Israel, which was made up of the 10 tribes of Isreal. after this attack these tribes became known as the "lost ten tribes of Isreal."

The assyrians attacked the remaining two tribes of Israel [the house of david], hebrew kingdom of judeah.The hebrews were only saved after the an egyptian pharoah came to their rescue.

The keypoint here is that the hebrews only aquired the ten commandments only after they were rescued by the egyptians in 701 BC.

Dating the Bible - source WIKIPEDIA

THE FOLLOWING IS AN ARTICLE FROM WIKIPEDIA TITLED - DATING THE BIBLE:

"The Bible is a compilation of various texts or "books" of different ages.

The dates of many of the texts of the Hebrew Bible (or Old Testament) are difficult to establish.
Textual criticism places all of them within the 1st millennium BC, although there is considerable uncertainty as to the century in some cases.

No Hebrew Bible manuscript predates the 2nd century BC.


Book of Joshua ca. 625 BC by the Deuteronomist (called D) working with traditional materials

Book of Judges ca. 625 BC by the Deuteronomist (called D) working with traditional materials

Book of Samuel ca. 625 BC by the Deuteronomist (called D) working with traditional materials

Book of Kings ca. 625 BC by the Deuteronomist (called D) working with traditional materials

Book of Isaiah Three main authors and an extensive editing process:

Isaiah 1-39 "Historical Isaiah" with multiple layers of editing, 8th cent. BC

Isaiah 40-55 Exilic(Deutero-Isaiah), 6th century BC

Isaiah 56-66 post-exilic(Trito-Isaiah), 6th-5th century BC

Book of Jeremiah late 6th century BC or later

Book of Ezekiel 6th century BC or later
Book of Hosea 8th century BC or later
Book of Joel unknown
Book of Amos After the 6th century BC
Book of Obadiah 6th century BC or later
Book of Jonah 6th century BC or later
Book of Micah mid 6th century BC or later
Book of Nahum 8th century BC or later
Book of Habakkuk 6th century BC or later
Book of Zephaniah 7th century BC or later
Book of Haggai 5th century BC or later
Book of Zechariah 5th century BC or later
Book of Malachi Early 5th century BC or later

The New Testament

The most accepted historical understanding of how the Synoptic gospels developed is known as the two-source hypothesis.

This theory holds that Mark is the oldest gospel. Matthew and Luke are believed to come later, and draw on Mark and also on a source that is now believed to be lost, called the Q document, or just "Q".